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23:42 BST, May 19, 2023Scanning QR codes has become a commonplace activity, but like any internet-related behavior, it has its risks. QR codes can potentially redirect to malicious websites, download harmful files, or extract personal data from your device.
The rising popularity of QR codes
Recent data from Statista reveals a growth of 26% in the proportion of phone users scanning QR codes over the past two years, showcasing society’s rapid adoption of this technology.
These small black-and-white designs are projected to become even more prevalent in our everyday activities, given their convenience and accessibility. eMarketer forecasts a rise of 19% in QR code scans by 2025 compared to data from 2022, anticipating approximately 100 million scans.
However, the utilization of QR codes isn’t uniform globally.
Asia stands at the forefront of QR code implementation, with North America trailing behind. It comes as no surprise that countries with a strong inclination towards technology, widespread use of QR codes in advertising, and a rising trend of QR-based mobile payments are the keenest adopters.
Indeed, the birthplace of QR codes, Asia, records the highest adoption rates. For instance, China stands out globally in QR code usage—half of its populace employs QR codes multiple times weekly for various activities, ranging from reserving queue positions to arranging social outings.
Yet, it’s in the domain of payments where QR codes witness the most use. Scan-to-pay transactions in China have seen a yearly growth of 26% since 2021—a phenomenon propelled by the pandemic. This trend mirrors the situation throughout the entire Far East region.
QR code fraud is on the rise
As the use of QR codes increases, so does the prevalence of QR code fraud. This increase arises because QR codes provide an easy avenue for hackers and fraudsters to access and exploit valuable personal data. The essence of a QR code’s design makes it difficult to differentiate between a legitimate and a fraudulent code. Moreover, creating a QR code doesn’t require much tech expertise or oversight, providing a fertile ground for fraudsters.
According to ExpressVPN, by simply scanning a QR code, a scammer could gather a user’s location, browser details, browsing history, and even personal details such as full names, addresses, and banking information. Such details, when sold on the dark web, could fetch high prices. Hence, understanding how scammers exploit QR codes can help individuals safeguard their privacy.
QR Codes in Restaurants: Many restaurants have embraced QR codes for menus and payments, seeing them as a hygienic and efficient solution. Despite the increasing frequency of QR code scams, many people still feel safest scanning QR codes in supermarkets and restaurants. However, fraudsters can replace genuine QR codes with bogus ones leading to counterfeit sites created to steal personal data or misdirect payments.
Public Wi-Fi and QR Codes: Public places such as cafes and restaurants are often targets for QR code scams because of their accessible QR code menus and Wi-Fi hotspots. Connecting to an open network carries inherent risks, and QR codes might make it easier for fraudsters to conceal their tracks. Cybercriminals often create fake Wi-Fi hotspots resembling real networks, and while these might be detectable, QR codes make it harder to spot warning signs.
QR Codes in Smart Packaging: QR codes on products have grown in popularity over recent years. They often replace traditional warranty registration forms and user manuals, providing a means to display product information, gather feedback, and enhance customer experience. However, the increased use of QR codes in e-commerce has attracted scammers. Cybercriminals send phishing emails mimicking logistics company emails, directing customers to bogus websites through QR codes.
Financial QR Code Transactions: QR codes have streamlined financial transactions by offering end-to-end encryption and PIN-less withdrawals. However, they’ve also become a target for scammers. One common scam tactic involves the tampering of legitimate QR codes in public places like parking meters and cafes, causing people to unknowingly send funds to rogue vendors.
QR Codes in Healthcare: In the healthcare sector, QR codes help provide transparent information about medication, track and analyze patients’ health conditions, and control the spread of diseases like COVID-19. However, they can also be exploited by scammers using fake QR codes to trick patients into providing sensitive data, such as Social Security numbers.
In summary, while QR codes have numerous benefits, it’s crucial to stay vigilant as their growing usage has made them an attractive target for scammers.
A comprehensive guide on how to scan QR codes safely:
1. Use a Trusted QR Code Scanner:
Make sure you are using a reliable and trusted QR code scanner. Many smartphones have built-in QR code scanners in their camera apps. If yours doesn’t, or if you prefer to use a separate app, ensure you download it from a trusted source like Google Play Store or Apple App Store. Check user ratings and reviews before downloading.
2. Be Aware of the QR Code Source:
Only scan QR codes from trusted sources. If the QR code is in a public place, on a website, or on a physical item, make sure it’s from a reliable source before scanning. Be wary of QR codes sent to you in unsolicited emails or messages; these are more likely to be malicious.
3. Check the URL Before Proceeding:
Most QR code scanners show the URL before opening the webpage. If yours does, check this URL carefully. The URL should match the website you expect to visit. Be careful of URLs that are very similar to familiar ones, as this is a common phishing tactic.
4. Use a Secure Internet Connection:
When scanning a QR code, ensure you’re connected to a secure internet network. This minimizes the risk of any data being intercepted during transmission. Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks when scanning QR codes, as these are more vulnerable to attacks.
5. Keep Your Device Updated:
Keeping your operating system and apps updated is a key part of online security. Updates often include patches for security vulnerabilities, so it’s important to install them as soon as they become available.
6. Use a VPN:
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) encrypts your data, making it more secure. It can also help protect you from some forms of online attacks.
7. Install a Reliable Antivirus Software:
Having good antivirus software installed on your device provides an additional layer of protection. It can help detect and prevent threats that might come from scanning a malicious QR code.
8. Don’t Provide Personal Information Without Verification:
If the QR code takes you to a page asking for personal information, ensure you verify the source and legitimacy of the request before providing any details. Legitimate businesses usually have secure, encrypted websites for collecting personal information.
9. Regularly Clear Your Browser Cache and Cookies:
This can help protect your personal information from being collected without your knowledge or consent. You can do this in your browser’s settings.
10. Be Vigilant and Informed:
The best defense is awareness. Stay informed about the latest scams and deceptive tactics used by cybercriminals. Always be cautious and double-check before scanning unknown QR codes.
By following these guidelines, you can help ensure that your experience with QR codes is safe and secure.
Interesting Related Article: “An insight on how QR Codes work for payment“